CProgol Version 4.4

|- [Noise has been set to 100%]
[Example inflation has been set to 400%]
[The posonly flag has been turned ON]
[:- set(posonly)? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- set(c,2)? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeh(1,class(+animal,#class))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,has_gills(+animal))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,has_covering(+animal,#covering))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,has_legs(+animal,#nat))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,homeothermic(+animal))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,has_eggs(+animal))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,not(has_gills(+animal)))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,nhas_gills(+animal))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(100,habitat(+animal,#habitat))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,has_milk(+animal))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeh(1,false)? - Time taken 0.00s]
[:- modeb(1,class(+animal,#class))? - Time taken 0.00s]
[Testing for contradictions]
[No contradictions found]
yes
[:- [animals]? - Time taken 0.03s]
|- [Generalising class(eagle,bird).]
[Most specific clause is]

class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_covering(A,feathers),
	has_legs(A,2), homeothermic(A), has_eggs(A), nhas_gills(A),
	habitat(A,land), habitat(A,air).

[Learning class/2 from positive examples]
[C:-42,16,23,0 class(A,bird).]
[C:-13,16,17,0 class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_covering(A,feathers).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_legs(A,2).]
[C:11,16,11,0 class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)), homeothermic(A).]
[C:11,16,11,0 class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_eggs(A).]
[C:-18,16,17,0 class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:-12,12,11,0 class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)), habitat(A,land).]
[C:30,8,2,0 class(A,bird) :- not(has_gills(A)), habitat(A,air).]
[C:41,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers), has_legs(A,2).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers), homeothermic(A).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers), has_eggs(A).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers), habitat(A,land).]
[C:30,8,2,0 class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers), habitat(A,air).]
[C:41,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_legs(A,2).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_legs(A,2), homeothermic(A).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_legs(A,2), has_eggs(A).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- has_legs(A,2), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,bird) :- has_legs(A,2), habitat(A,land).]
[C:30,8,2,0 class(A,bird) :- has_legs(A,2), habitat(A,air).]
[C:16,16,11,0 class(A,bird) :- homeothermic(A).]
[C:36,16,6,0 class(A,bird) :- homeothermic(A), has_eggs(A).]
[C:11,16,11,0 class(A,bird) :- homeothermic(A), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:21,12,6,0 class(A,bird) :- homeothermic(A), habitat(A,land).]
[C:30,8,2,0 class(A,bird) :- homeothermic(A), habitat(A,air).]
[C:-18,16,18,0 class(A,bird) :- has_eggs(A).]
[C:11,16,11,0 class(A,bird) :- has_eggs(A), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:8,12,8,0 class(A,bird) :- has_eggs(A), habitat(A,land).]
[C:30,8,2,0 class(A,bird) :- has_eggs(A), habitat(A,air).]
[C:-13,16,17,0 class(A,bird) :- nhas_gills(A).]
[C:-12,12,11,0 class(A,bird) :- nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,land).]
[C:30,8,2,0 class(A,bird) :- nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,air).]
[C:-5,12,11,0 class(A,bird) :- habitat(A,land).]
[C:30,8,2,0 class(A,bird) :- habitat(A,land), habitat(A,air).]
[C:40,8,2,0 class(A,bird) :- habitat(A,air).]
[37 explored search nodes]
f=41,p=16,n=6,h=0
[Result of search is]

class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers).

[3 redundant clauses retracted]
[Generalising class(bat,mammal).]
[Most specific clause is]

class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_covering(A,hair), has_legs(A,
	2), homeothermic(A), nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,air), habitat(A,
	caves), has_milk(A).

[Learning class/2 from positive examples]
[C:-14,24,27,0 class(A,mammal).]
[C:2,24,21,0 class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_covering(A,hair).]
[C:21,16,9,0 class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_legs(A,2).]
[C:34,24,11,0 class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)), homeothermic(A).]
[C:-2,24,21,0 class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:27,12,5,0 class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)), habitat(A,air).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)), habitat(A,caves).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_milk(A).]
[C:51,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair).]
[C:41,16,5,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair), has_legs(A,2).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair), homeothermic(A).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair), habitat(A,air).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair), habitat(A,caves).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair), has_milk(A).]
[C:26,16,9,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_legs(A,2).]
[C:21,16,9,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_legs(A,2), homeothermic(A).]
[C:21,16,9,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_legs(A,2), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:27,12,5,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_legs(A,2), habitat(A,air).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_legs(A,2), habitat(A,caves).]
[C:41,16,5,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_legs(A,2), has_milk(A).]
[C:38,24,11,0 class(A,mammal) :- homeothermic(A).]
[C:34,24,11,0 class(A,mammal) :- homeothermic(A), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:27,12,5,0 class(A,mammal) :- homeothermic(A), habitat(A,air).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- homeothermic(A), habitat(A,caves).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- homeothermic(A), has_milk(A).]
[C:2,24,21,0 class(A,mammal) :- nhas_gills(A).]
[C:27,12,5,0 class(A,mammal) :- nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,air).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,caves).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- nhas_gills(A), has_milk(A).]
[C:34,12,5,0 class(A,mammal) :- habitat(A,air).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- habitat(A,air), habitat(A,caves).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- habitat(A,air), has_milk(A).]
[C:47,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- habitat(A,caves).]
[C:40,12,3,0 class(A,mammal) :- habitat(A,caves), has_milk(A).]
[C:51,24,7,0 class(A,mammal) :- has_milk(A).]
[37 explored search nodes]
f=51,p=24,n=7,h=0
[Result of search is]

class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair).

[3 redundant clauses retracted]
[Generalising class(shark,fish).]
[Most specific clause is]

class(A,fish) :- has_gills(A), has_covering(A,none), has_legs(A,
	0), has_eggs(A), habitat(A,water).

[Learning class/2 from positive examples]
[C:-3,16,16,0 class(A,fish).]
[C:55,16,3,0 class(A,fish) :- has_gills(A).]
[C:50,16,3,0 class(A,fish) :- has_gills(A), has_covering(A,none).]
[C:50,16,3,0 class(A,fish) :- has_gills(A), has_legs(A,0).]
[C:50,16,3,0 class(A,fish) :- has_gills(A), has_eggs(A).]
[C:50,16,3,0 class(A,fish) :- has_gills(A), habitat(A,water).]
[C:50,16,4,0 class(A,fish) :- has_covering(A,none).]
[C:45,16,4,0 class(A,fish) :- has_covering(A,none), has_legs(A,0).]
[C:50,16,3,0 class(A,fish) :- has_covering(A,none), has_eggs(A).]
[C:45,16,4,0 class(A,fish) :- has_covering(A,none), habitat(A,water).]
[C:46,16,5,0 class(A,fish) :- has_legs(A,0).]
[C:45,16,4,0 class(A,fish) :- has_legs(A,0), has_eggs(A).]
[C:45,16,4,0 class(A,fish) :- has_legs(A,0), habitat(A,water).]
[C:16,16,11,0 class(A,fish) :- has_eggs(A).]
[C:26,16,8,0 class(A,fish) :- has_eggs(A), habitat(A,water).]
[C:26,16,9,0 class(A,fish) :- habitat(A,water).]
[16 explored search nodes]
f=55,p=16,n=3,h=0
[Result of search is]

class(A,fish) :- has_gills(A).

[1 redundant clauses retracted]
[Generalising class(crocodile,reptile).]
[Most specific clause is]

class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_covering(A,scales),
	has_legs(A,4), has_eggs(A), nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,
	land), habitat(A,water).

[Learning class/2 from positive examples]
[C:25,24,16,0 class(A,reptile).]
[C:41,24,10,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)).]
[C:57,24,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_covering(A,scales).]
[C:60,20,2,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_legs(A,4).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_eggs(A).]
[C:37,24,10,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:54,24,5,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), habitat(A,land).]
[C:45,16,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), habitat(A,water).]
[C:54,24,6,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales).]
[C:64,20,1,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), has_legs(A,4).]
[C:50,24,6,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), has_eggs(A).]
[C:57,24,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:57,24,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), habitat(A,land).]
[C:50,16,3,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), habitat(A,water).]
[C:64,20,2,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,4).]
[C:64,20,1,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,4), has_eggs(A).]
[C:60,20,2,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,4), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:60,20,2,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,4), habitat(A,land).]
[C:60,16,1,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,4), habitat(A,water).]
[C:31,24,13,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_eggs(A).]
[C:47,24,7,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_eggs(A), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:57,24,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_eggs(A), habitat(A,land).]
[C:16,16,10,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_eggs(A), habitat(A,water).]
[C:41,24,10,0 class(A,reptile) :- nhas_gills(A).]
[C:54,24,5,0 class(A,reptile) :- nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,land).]
[C:45,16,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,water).]
[C:57,24,5,0 class(A,reptile) :- habitat(A,land).]
[C:60,16,1,0 class(A,reptile) :- habitat(A,land), habitat(A,water).]
[C:21,16,10,0 class(A,reptile) :- habitat(A,water).]
[29 explored search nodes]
f=64,p=20,n=2,h=0
[Result of search is]

class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,4).

[2 redundant clauses retracted]
[Generalising class(snake,reptile).]
[Most specific clause is]

class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_covering(A,scales),
	has_legs(A,0), has_eggs(A), nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,
	land).

[Learning class/2 from positive examples]
[C:-24,12,15,0 class(A,reptile).]
[C:8,12,9,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_covering(A,scales).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_legs(A,0).]
[C:-117,4,7,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), has_eggs(A).]
[C:-156,4,9,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)), habitat(A,land).]
[C:-77,4,6,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales).]
[C:-155,4,10,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,0).]
[C:-214,4,13,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_eggs(A).]
[C:-136,4,9,0 class(A,reptile) :- nhas_gills(A).]
[C:-38,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- habitat(A,land).]
[C:-97,4,6,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), has_legs(A,0).]
[C:-97,4,6,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), has_eggs(A).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_covering(A,scales), habitat(A,land).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- nhas_gills(A), habitat(A,land).]
[C:-175,4,10,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,0), has_eggs(A).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,0), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_legs(A,0), habitat(A,land).]
[C:-117,4,7,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_eggs(A), nhas_gills(A).]
[C:-58,4,4,0 class(A,reptile) :- has_eggs(A), habitat(A,land).]
[22 explored search nodes]
f=8,p=12,n=9,h=0
[Result of search is]

class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)).

[2 redundant clauses retracted]

class(A,bird) :- has_covering(A,feathers).
class(A,mammal) :- has_covering(A,hair).
class(A,fish) :- has_gills(A).
class(A,reptile) :- not(has_gills(A)).

[Total number of clauses = 4]

yes
[:- generalise(class/2)? - Time taken 0.28s]
|- [False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).
[False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).
[False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).
[False negative:]class(cat,mammal).
[False negative:]class(dolphin,mammal).

[PREDICATE class/2]

Contingency table=    ________A________~A
                    P|      128|        0|       128
                     |(  128.0)|(    0.0)| 
                   ~P|       23|        0|        23
                     |(   23.0)|(    0.0)|
                      ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
                            151         0        151
[Overall accuracy= 84.77% +/- 2.92%]
[Chi-square = NaN]
 [Without Yates correction = NaN]
[Chi-square probability = 0.0000]
yes
[:- test(anim_test)? - Time taken 0.03s]
|-