• Idea: systems linked by network connected via I/O bus
– Eg Fujitsu AP3000, Myrinet, Quadrics
• Idea: CPU/memory packages linked by network connecting main memory
units
– Eg SGI Origin
• Idea: CPUs share main memory
– Eg Intel Xeon SMP (and many others)
• Idea: CPUs share L2/L3 cache
– Eg IBM Power4
• Idea: CPUs share L1 cache
• Idea: CPUs share registers, functional units
– Alpha 21464/EV8, Cray/Tera MTA (multithreaded architecture)
• Cunning Idea: do (almost) all the above at the same time
• Eg IBM SP/Power4: 2 CPUs/chip sharing L2, multichip module
packages/links 4 chips/node, with L3 and DRAM for each CPU
on same board, with high-speed (ccNUMA) link to other nodes
(see http://www.rs6000.ibm.com/resource/features/1999/power4.html)